Nine Months of Combined Training Improves Ex Vivo Skeletal Muscle Metabolism in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Article

International Collaboration

cited authors

  • Sparks, Lauren M., Johannsen, Neil M., Church, Timothy S., Earnest, Conrad P., Moonen-Kornips, Esther, Moro, Cedric, Hesselink, Matthijs K. C., Smith, Steven R., Schrauwen, Patrick

funding text

  • This work was partially funded by the National Institutes of Health Pennington Biomedical Research Center Nutrition/Obesity Research Center Grant 2P30DK072476 (to S. R. S.). Costs of analyses were partially supported by a VICI (Grant 918.96.618) for innovative research from The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (to P. S.) and an unrestricted research funding grant from The Coca-Cola Company (to T. S. C.). Further funding was contributed by Dr. Donna Ryan from the Pennington Biomedical Research Center Clinical and Translational Research Fund.

abstract

  • Context: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has features of disordered lipid and glucose metabolism, due in part to reduced mitochondrial content. Objective: Our objective was to investigate effects of different types of exercise on mitochondrial content and substrate oxidation in individuals with T2D (ancillary study of the randomized controlled trial Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes, HART-D). Intervention: T2D individuals were randomized to aerobictraining (AT, n = 12), resistance training (RT, n = 18), combination training(ATRT, n = 12), or nonexercise control (n = 10). Blooddraws, peakoxygen consumption tests, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans and muscle biopsies of vastus lateralis were performed before and after 9 months. Ex vivo substrate oxidations ((CO2)-C-14), mitochondrial content, and enzyme activities were measured. Glycated hemoglobin A(1c) and free fatty acids were also determined. Results: Mitochondrial content increased after RT and ATRT. Octanoate oxidation increased after AT and ATRT, whereas palmitate, pyruvate, and acetate oxidations increased in all exercise groups. Exercise-induced responses in mitochondrial DNA were associated with improvements in peak oxygen consumption, beta-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase activity, and palmitate oxidation. Conclusions: Nine months of AT and RT significantly improved most aspects of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and substrate oxidation, whereas the combination improved all aspects. These exercise responses were associated with clinical improvements, indicating that long-term training, especially combination, is an effective lifestyle therapy for individuals with T2D by way of improving muscle substrate metabolism. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 98: 1694-1702, 2013)

authors

Publication Date

  • April 1, 2013

webpage

published in

category

start page

  • 1694

end page

  • 1702

volume

  • 98

issue

  • 4

WoS Citations

  • 48

WoS References

  • 31