Back to school is a good time for parents, health care professionals, and school officials to examine issues associated with medications or supplements. A few of these issues include vitamin supplementation; immunizations; medications for self-limiting conditions such as cough, colds, or pain; prescription medications for life-threatening allergies or asthma; medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; and the growing concern over prescription drug abuse. Concerns, updates, and basic recommendations that health care professionals can share with parents are reviewed.